关于增值税、营业税若干政策规定的通知(附英文)
财政部 国家税务总局
关于增值税、营业税若干政策规定的通知(附英文)
财税[1994]26号
1994年5月5日，财政部、国家税务总局
通知
各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅（局）、税务局：
新税制实施以来，各地陆续反映了一些增值税、营业税执行中出现的问题。经研究，现将有关政策问题规定如下。
一、关于集邮商品征税问题
集邮商品，包括邮票、小型张、小本票、明信片、首日封、邮折、集邮簿、邮盘、邮票目录、护邮袋、贴片及其他集邮商品。
集邮商品的生产、调拨征收增值税。邮政部门销售集邮商品，征收营业税；邮政部门以外的其他单位与个人销售集邮商品，征收增值税。
二、关于报刊发行征税问题
邮政部门发行报刊，征收营业税；其他单位和个人发行报刊，征收增值税。
三、关于销售无线寻呼机、移动电话征税问题
电信单位（电信局及经电信局批准的其他从事电信业务的单位）自己销售无线寻呼机、移动电话，并为客户提供有关的电信劳务服务的，属于混合销售，征收营业税；对单纯销售无线寻呼机、移动电话，不提供有关的电信劳务服务的，征收增值税。
四、关于混合销售征税问题
（一）根据增值税暂行条例实施细则（以下简称细则）第五条的规定，“以从事货物的生产、批发或零售为主，并兼营非应税劳务的企业、企业性单位及个体经营者”的混合销售行为，应视为销售货物征收增值税。此条规定所说的“以从事货物的生产、批发或零售为主，并兼营非应税劳务”，是指纳税人的年货物销售额与非增值税应税劳务营业额的合计数中，年货物销售额超过50％，非增值税应税劳务营业额不到50％。
（二）从事运输业务的单位与个人，发生销售货物并负责运输所售货物的混合销售行为，征收增值税。
五、关于代购货物征税问题
代购货物行为，凡同时具备以下条件的，不征收增值税；不同时具备以下条件的，无论会计制度规定如何核算，均征收增值税。
（一）受托方不垫付资金；
（二）销货方将发票开具给委托方，并由受托方将该项发票转交给委托方；
（三）受托方按销售方实际收取的销售额和增值税额（如系代理进口货物则为海关代征的增值税额）与委托方结算货款，并另外收取手续费。
六、关于棕榈油、棉籽油和粮食复制品征税问题
（一）棕榈油、棉籽油按照食用植物油13％的税率征收增值税；
（二）切面、饺子皮、米粉等经简单加工的粮食复制品，比照粮食13％的税率征收增值税。粮食复制品是指以粮食为原料经简单加工的生食品，不包括挂面和以粮食为原料加工的速冻食品、副食品。粮食复制品的具体范围，由国家税务总局各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市直属分局根据上述原则确定，并上报财政部和国家税务总局备案。
七、关于出口“国务院另有规定的货物”征税问题
根据增值税暂行条例第二条：“纳税人出口国务院另有规定的货物，不得适用零税率”的规定，纳税人出口的原油；援外出口货物；国家禁止出口的货物，包括天然牛黄、麝香、铜及铜基合金、白金等；糖，应按规定征收增值税。
八、关于外购农业产品的进项税额处理问题
增值税一般纳税人向小规模税人购买的农业产品，可视为免税农业产品按10％的扣除率计算进项税额。
九、关于寄售物品和死当物品征税问题
寄售商店代销的寄售物品（包括居民个人寄售的物品在内）、典当业销售的死当物品，无论销售单位是否属于一般纳税人，均按简易办法依照6％的征收率计算缴纳增值税，并且不得开具专用发票。
十、关于销售自己使用过的固定资产征税问题
单位和个体经营者销售自己使用过的游艇、摩托车和应征消费税的汽车，无论销售者是否属于一般纳税人，一律按简易办法依照6％的征收率计算缴纳增值税，并且不得开具专用发票。销售自己使用过的其他属于货物的固定资产，暂免征收增值税。
十一、关于人民币折合率问题
纳税人按外汇结算销售额的，其销售额的人民币折合率为中国人民银行公布的市场汇价。
十二、本规定自一九九四年六月一日起执行。
CIRCULAR ON SOME POLICY REGULATIONS CONCERNING VALUE-ADDED TAX ANDBUSINESS TAX
(The Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation: 5May 1994 [94] Coded Cai Shui Zi No. 026)
Whole Doc.
To Financial Departments (Bureaus) and Tax Bureaus of Various Provinces,
Autonomous Regions and Municipalities and Cities With Independent
Planning:
Since implementation of the new tax system, various localities have
made successive reports on some issues arising in the course of
implementing the levy of value-added tax and business tax. After study, we
hereby stipulate the following policy-related questions:
I. Question concerning taxable philately commodities
These commodities include stamps, small paper, small promissory
notes, postcards, first day covers, stamp album, stamp booklets, postal
discs, stamp lists, mailbags and other philately commodities.
Value-added tax is levied on the production and allocation of
philately commodities. Business tax is levied on the philately commodities
sold by postal departments; and value-added tax is levied on the philately
commodities sold by other units and individuals.
II. Questions concerning levying taxes on the distribution of newspapers
and magazines
Business tax is levied on the newspapers and magazines distributed by
postal departments; value-added tax is levied on the newspapers and
magazines distributed by other units and individuals.
III. Questions Concerning the sales of wireless beepers and mobile
telephones
Telecommunications units (telecommunications bureau and other units
approved by the telecommunications bureau to engage in telecommunications
business) themselves sell wireless beepers and mobile telephones and
provide clients with related telecommunications labor services. These
belong to mixed sales on which business tax is levied; value-added tax is
levied on those who purely sell wireless beepers and mobile telephones,
but do not provide relevant telecommunications labor service.
IV. Questions related to levying taxes on mixed sales
(1) In accordance with the stipulations of Article 5 of the Detailed
Rules for the Implementation of the Provisional Regulations on Value-Added
Tax (hereinafter referred to as Detailed Rules), the mixed selling acts
performed by enterprises, units of an enterprise nature as well as
individual managers who engage mainly in the production, wholesale or
retail sales of goods and concurrently provide non-taxable labor services
shall be regarded as marketing goods on which value-added tax is levied.
The phrase "engage mainly in the production, wholesale or retail sales of
goods and concurrently provide non- taxable labor services" mentioned in
the stipulations of this article refers to the situation in which among
the combined total of the tax payer's annual sale volume of goods and the
taxable labor service business volume of non value-added tax, the annual
sales volume of goods exceeds 50 percent, while the taxable labor service
business volume of non value-added tax, is less than 50 percent.
(2) Value-added tax is levied on the mixed selling acts performed by
the units and individuals who engage in transport business as they sell
goods and take charge of the transport of the goods sold.
V. Questions concerning levying taxes on the goods purchased on a
commission basis
Acts related to the commission purchase of goods which conform to the
following conditions are exempt from value-added tax; value-added tax is
levied on those not concurrently conforming to the following conditions
irrespective of how accounting is done as specified in the accounting
system.
(1) The consignee does not pay funds in advance;
(2) The goods seller gives an invoice to the consignor, and the
consignee transmits the invoice to the consignor;
(3) The consignee settles the account of the money paid for goods
with the consignee in accordance with the sales volume and VAT volume
actually collected by the seller (commission import goods are the volume
of VAT levied for the customs), service charge is collected separately.
VI. Questions concerning levying taxes on reproduction of palm oil, cotton
seed oil and grain
(1) Value-added tax is levied on palm oil and cotton seed oil at a 13
percent rate for edible vegetable oil;
(2) On simply processed food replicas such as cut noodles, dumpling
wrappers and rice flour, value-added tax is levied in light of a 13
percent rate for grain. Food replicas refer to simply processed raw
foodstuffs with grain as the main raw material, excluding fine dried
noodles and quick-frozen food and non-staple foods processed with grain as
raw material. The concrete scope for grain replicas shall be determined in
accordance with the above- mentioned principle by the sub-bureaus directly
under the various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities and cities
with independent planning and shall be reported to the Ministry of Finance
and the State Administration of Taxation for the record.
VII. Questions concerning levying tax on the export of goods for which
there are separate regulations of the State Council
According to the stipulations of Article 2 of the Provisional
Regulations Concerning Value-Added Tax: "the zero tax rate shall not be
applied to goods exported by the tax payer for which there are separate
regulations of the State Council". the crude exported by the tax payer,
export goods for foreign aid, goods whose export is prohibited by the
state, including natural bezoar, musk, copper and acid bronze alloy,
platinum and sugar, value-added tax shall be levied according to
regulations.
VIII. Questions related to the handling of the amount of tax on the
external purchase of agricultural products
The agricultural products purchased by the ordinary VAT payer from
the small-scale tax payer can be regarded as tax-free agricultural
products and the amount of tax which shall be calculated at a 10 percent
deducting rate.
IX. Questions concerning the levying of tax on consigned goods and dead
pawn goods
For consigned goods sold by the commission shop (including consigned
goods of individual residents), and dead pawn goods sold by pawnbroking,
value-added tax shall be paid, whose amount is calculated at a 6 percent
dutiable rate according to a simple method no matter whether the selling
unit belongs to ordinary tax payer or not, and no special invoice shall be
issued.
X. Questions concerning the levying of tax on the sales of used fixed
assets
Units and individual managers who sell their used pleasure-boats,
motorcycles and consumption tax payable vehicles shall all pay value-added
tax whose amount is calculated at a 6 percent taxable rate according to a
simple method no matter whether the seller belongs to ordinary tax payer
or not, and no special invoice shall be issued. Those who sell other
fixed assets which belong to goods they themselves have used are exempt
from value-added tax for the time being.
XI. Questions concerning the conversion rate of Renminbi
When the tax payer who calculates the sales volume in accordance with
the settlement of foreign exchange, the conversion rate of Renminbi for
the sales volume shall be the market rate of exchange announced by the
People's Bank of China.
X II. These regulations go into effect on June 1, 1994.
注册会计师执行业务收费管理办法(废止)
财政部
注册会计师执行业务收费管理办法
(89)财会字第9号
第一条 为了统一注册会计师执行业务收费管理，使各地财政机关制订收费标准和对违反者进行处理有所依据，根据1986年7月3日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国注册会计师条例》第十三条第二款和第二十五条的规定，制订本办法。
第二条 注册会计师执行业务收费，应当按照业务项目性质，风险大小，繁简程度，质量要求，地区条件，工作环境，花费的工时和费用多少，以及对派遣人员专业知识和工作经验的不同需要，在主管的财政机关制订的收费标准幅度内，同委托人具体商定，连同收费方法一并列入约定书。
第三条 收费的业务项目，可以按下述种类区分：（一）检查验证年度会计报表；（二）检查验证中期会计报表；（三）检验资本；（四）解散和破产清算；（五）鉴定经济案件证据和单项查帐；（六）税务咨询和代理纳税申报；（七）经济管理和财务会计咨询；（八）会计顾问；（
九）经济管理人员培训；（十）其他单项业务。前述第（一）—（五）项属于查帐收费，第（六）—（十）项属于咨询收费。
第四条 执行业务收费，应由会计师事务所向委托人办理。查帐收费和咨询收费，均应按照基本收费、劳务收费分别计算。
第五条 基本收费应当根据委托人的投资总额或收益额，适当考虑业务的重要程度确定。基本收费于业务约定成立时收取50％，工作开始后收取另外的50％。如果工作开始后由于委托人的原因解除约定的，仍应收取全部基本收费。
第六条 劳务收费应当根据办理委托业务预计需要花费的工时和对执行业务人员专业知识和工作经验需要的情况确定。劳务收费可以按照工作进度分次收取，也可以一次收取。如果工作进行中由于委托人的原因解除约定的，除按已完成工作所耗用的工时收费外，还应按预计全部工时费用的30％加收解约补偿金。
第七条 对于咨询收费，以及某些工作量在40工作小时以内的单项业务，可以按照花费的工时和费用计收，也可以按照委托人的投资额、资金额或收益额计收，或者按商定的某一数额收取。对于代理纳税申报业务，可以按照计税所得额或计税营业额的一定比例收取，也可以按照应纳税额的一定比例计收。
第八条 劳务收费的工时费用定额，可以划分为高级专家、注册会计师和业务助理人员不同的层次，并可根据具体情况，对每一层次的费用定额规定合理的高低幅度。
第九条 对于某些专业知识要求高、性质重要、工作艰苦的特殊委托业务，经同委托人商定，基本收费和劳务收费可以超过上限。对于某些工作量大又比较复杂的委托业务，可以分为若干单项分别计收。对于某些专业知识要求不高，办理过程较简单的委托业务，可以按标准规定的幅度从低计收，但不应低于标准的下限。
第十条 对于不同经济性质委托人（例如全民、集体、外商投资或其他经济组织）的同类委托业务，应当按同样的标准计收费用；但如委托人确有特殊情况，如财力负担问题或系公益事业等，可以经过协商，按规定标准的一定比例减收费用。
第十一条 会计师事务所不得以任何名义向帮助取得委托业务的其他单位或个人支付介绍费，或向得到本所帮助取得委托业务和经济交易的其他会计师事务所、经济组织收取介绍费。
第十二条 主管的财政机关制订或修订收费标准时，应当充分考虑注册会计师执行业务的特点和一般委托人的负担能力，同有关部门和会计师事务所充分讨论协商后确定，并且根据物价和工资水平的变动和注册会计师专业技术的提高，适时进行调整。
第十三条 会计师事务所对于执行业务收费中遇到的问题，应当及时向主管的财政机关报告，既不报告又不执行收费标准的，主管的财政机关可以处以标准应收费额20％的罚金，其中多计费用的，应当责令退还。
第十四条 在一个地区内，对同一委托业务前后任注册会计师的收费，除标准变动和业务要求不同者外，应当一致。会计师事务所之间不得以降低收费争取委托业务，收费低于规定标准或明显低于前任注册会计师所在会计师事务所的，主管的财政机关应当查明情况，对于确系以降低收费争取委托业务的，可以处以相当于降低额的罚金，并不得向委托人补收少收部分。
第十五条 主管的财政机关对于会计师事务所以得到帮助而支付介绍费，或者以提供帮助而收取介绍费的，可以处以相当于支付额或收取额2倍的罚金。
第十六条 会计师事务所违反收费标准和规定，主管的财政机关除按本规定第十三、十四、十五条进行经济处罚外，并可根据情节轻重，按照《注册会计师条例》第二十七条的规定，给予警告或停业整顿的处分。
第十七条 会计师事务所跨地区设立的分支机构，应当执行当地的收费标准，并接受当地主管机关的收费管理和监督。
第十八条 各主管的财政机关，应当根据本规定，会同有关部门制定本地区的注册会计师执行业务收费标准，并规定具体的收费管理办法。收费标准和管理办法应当报财政部备案。
